Temperature Converter

Convert between Fahrenheit, Celsius and Kelvin, with all three shown at once.

Draft — figures checked, awaiting an editorial read. Not indexed.

Calculator inputs
Result
Celsius
°C
Fahrenheit
°F
Kelvin
K

Formula: °C = (°F − 32) × 5/9. °F = °C × 9/5 + 32. K = °C + 273.15.

What this calculates

This converts between the three temperature scales in general use and shows all three at once, since seeing them side by side is usually more useful than the single answer. Temperature is the odd one out among unit conversions: every other scale on this site shares a zero point, so converting is a single multiplication. Temperature scales do not. Zero Celsius is 32 Fahrenheit, not zero, so each conversion needs both a scale factor and an offset — which is exactly why temperature cannot be handled by the same factor table as length or mass.

How it works

Everything routes through Celsius. Fahrenheit converts in by subtracting 32 and multiplying by 5/9; Kelvin converts in by subtracting 273.15. The reverse operations convert back out. The 5/9 ratio comes from the scales themselves: there are 180 Fahrenheit degrees between water's freezing and boiling points but only 100 Celsius degrees, so a Celsius degree is 180/100 = 1.8 times larger than a Fahrenheit one. Kelvin uses the same size degree as Celsius and simply starts at absolute zero instead of at water's freezing point.

Worked example

A 72 °F room in Celsius: (72 − 32) × 5/9 = 40 × 0.5556 = 22.22 °C, and in Kelvin, 22.22 + 273.15 = 295.37 K. A useful landmark going the other way: 180 °C in an oven is 180 × 9/5 + 32 = 356 °F, which is why recipes label it 350 °F. And the one crossover point worth knowing — −40 °C is exactly −40 °F, the single temperature where the two scales agree.

Common mistakes

Applying the offset and the scale factor in the wrong order. It has to be subtract-then-multiply going from Fahrenheit, and multiply-then-add going to it; reversing the steps gives an answer that is wrong by about 18 degrees and looks plausible. Second, writing "degrees Kelvin" — Kelvin has no degrees, it is just "295 kelvin". Third, converting a temperature *difference* using the offset: a rise of 10 °C is a rise of 18 °F, not 50 °F, because differences use only the scale factor.

Common questions

What is 180 °C in Fahrenheit?
356 °F exactly. Most recipes round it to 350 °F, which is the nearest conventional oven setting.
At what temperature are Celsius and Fahrenheit equal?
At −40. It is the one point where the two scales cross, so −40 °C and −40 °F are the same temperature.